Abstract: Background：Contact catheter contamination is one of the common causes of peritonitis in children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD). Objective：To investigate the status and risk factors of catheter contamination in children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Design：Cross-sectional survey. Methods：The children who received chronic peritoneal dialysis treatment and follow-up at the Peritoneal Dialysis Center of Children's Hospital of Fudan University were included between January 2010 and March 2021 in this study. General data of the children and their caregivers were collected, including information on catheter contamination events from PD records and relevant factors of children's age, gender, dialysis duration, presence of siblings, caregivers' age, education level, employment status, relationship with child, and initial training assessment score and PD operator change. Main outcome measures：Risk factors for catheter contamination. Results：A total of 263 children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) were included in the study, all of whom were treated with automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). Among them, 128 (48.7%) were male, with a mean age of (7.9±4.2) years at the initiation of APD. The median dialysis duration was 13 (5, 21) months, and 19 children (7.2%) had a caregiver change during the treatment. There are 48 catheter contamination events (18.3%), including 30 cases of dry contamination and 18 cases of wet contamination. One case of wet contamination led to peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis, which improved after two weeks of antibiotic treatment and hospital discharge. Children with a dialysis duration of more than two months had a higher incidence of catheter contamination compared to those with a duration of ≤2 months (20.5% vs. 6.8%, P=0.03). Additionally, children who experienced a change in APD caregivers had a significantly higher incidence of catheter contamination compared to those without a caregiver change (68.4% vs. 14.3%, P<0.001). The initial training assessment scores of primary caregivers in the catheter contamination group were significantly lower than those in the non-contamination group ［(96.3±1.1) vs. (97.1±1.2), P<0.001］. The primary influencing factors for catheter contamination events were the caregiver's initial training assessment score (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.40-0.74, P<0.001) and a caregiver change during dialysis (OR=12.34, 95%CI: 4.07-37.43, P<0.001). Conclusion：Dry contamination is the predominant type of catheter contamination in children undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The primary influencing factors for catheter contamination were the initial training assessment score of the child's caregiver and a caregiver change during the dialysis process.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Children, 导管污染